Verified Solution • 2025–26 Session moderate

QPage 61: Q4: HC Verma: Concepts of Physics - Volume 2 Laws of Thermodynamics Page 61: Q4 Solution: Refer to figure. Let and be the changes in internal energy of…

⚠️ Common Exam Traps & Conceptual Pitfalls

Students often treat ΔU like heat or work and compare the two paths, forgetting that internal energy is a state function; it depends solely on the initial and final thermodynamic states, so any two processes connecting the same states give identical ΔU.

Refer to figure. Let ΔU1\Delta U_1 and ΔU2\Delta U_2 be the changes in internal energy of the system in the process A and B. Then ____________.

Multiple Choice Options

  • A ΔU1>ΔU2\Delta U_1 > \Delta U_2
  • B ΔU1=ΔU2\Delta U_1 = \Delta U_2
  • C ΔU1<ΔU2\Delta U_1 < \Delta U_2
  • D ΔU1≠ΔU2\Delta U_1 \neq \Delta U_2

Step-by-Step Verified Solution

**Answer:** (b) _U_ = _U_. **Step-by-Step Explanation:** Internal energy change depends only on initial and final states, not on the path. Both processes have the same initial and final states, so _U_ = _U_.

All Questions in this Chapter

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