Verified Solution • 2025–26 Session moderate

QPage 61: Q11: HC Verma: Concepts of Physics - Volume 2 Laws of Thermodynamics Page 61: Q11 Solution: In a process on a system, the initial pressure and volume are…

⚠️ Common Exam Traps & Conceptual Pitfalls

Students often conflate the net work with the simple product $P,Delta V$. Even if $V_i=V_f$ (so $Delta V=0$), the work is the integral $displaystyle W=int_{V_i}^{V_f}P,dV$, which can be non‑zero if the pressure varies along the path. Thus equal initial and final $P$ and $V$ does not guarantee that the net work done by the system is zero.

In a process on a system, the initial pressure and volume are equal to the final pressure and volume.

Multiple Choice Options

  • A The initial temperature must be equal to the final temperature.
  • B The initial internal energy must be equal to the final internal energy.
  • C The net heat given to the system in the process must be zero.
  • D The net work done by the system in the process must be zero.

Step-by-Step Verified Solution

**Answer:** (d) The net work done by the system in the process must be zero. **Step-by-Step Explanation:** If initial and final P and V are equal, the net work done in a cyclic process is zero. Temperature and internal energy may not be equal if the process is not cyclic.

All Questions in this Chapter

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