Verified Solution • 2025–26 Session moderate

QPage 32: Q1: Kinetic Theory of Gases Solutions — HC Verma: Concepts of Physics - Volume 2

⚠️ Common Exam Traps & Conceptual Pitfalls

Students often mistakenly add the macroscopic kinetic energy of the moving container to the internal energy, assuming the gas heats up. Remember that temperature is defined strictly by the average random kinetic energy relative to the center of mass, so uniform translational motion of the vessel does not alter the thermodynamic temperature.

When we place a gas cylinder on a van and the van moves, does the kinetic energy of the molecules increase? Does the temperature increase?

Step-by-Step Verified Solution

**Answer:** No, the kinetic energy of the molecules does not increase. No, the temperature does not increase. **Step-by-Step Explanation:** When the van moves with the cylinder, it has a bulk (macroscopic) kinetic energy. However, the kinetic energy of the molecules refers to their random thermal motion relative to the container. The temperature of a gas is a measure of the average random kinetic energy of its molecules. A uniform translational motion of the container does not change the random motion of the molecules inside. Hence, the temperature remains unchanged.

All Questions in this Chapter

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