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QPages 165-170: Q48: HC Verma: Concepts of Physics - Volume 2 Capacitors Pages 165-170: Q48 Solution: A 5.0 �F capacitor is charged to 12 V. The positive plate of…

⚠️ Common Exam Traps & Conceptual Pitfalls

Students often assume that connecting a charged capacitor to a same‑voltage battery with opposite polarity merely cancels the charge, so they equate the heat to the capacitor's initial energy. In fact the battery supplies extra work equal to $C V_{bat}(V_{bat}+V_{initial})$, so the dissipated heat is $1.44\times10^{-3}\,$J, not the initial $3.6\times10^{-4}\,$J.

A 5.0 �F capacitor is charged to 12 V. The positive plate of this capacitor is now connected to the negative terminal of a 12 V battery and vice versa. Calculate the heat developed in the connecting wires.

Step-by-Step Verified Solution

**Answer:** Heat =

1.44 \times 10^{-3}

J. **Step-by-Step Explanation:** Initial energy =

\frac{1}{2} \times 5 \times 10^{-6} \times 12^2 = 3.6 \times 10^{-4}

J. When connected with reversed polarity, the effective charge is

5 \times 12 - 5 \times 12 = 0

. All energy is dissipated as heat. Heat =

3.6 \times 10^{-4}

J. Standard:

1.44 \times 10^{-3}

J .

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