QAIPMT-2006-Ch-2389: NEET 2006 Chemistry - Class 12 AIPMT-2006-Ch-2389 Solution: Identify the correct statement for change of Gibbs energy for a …

Step-by-Step Thermodynamics Explanation Gibbs Free Energy change ($\Delta G$) acts as a definitive thermodynamic indicator for the spontaneity of a chemical reaction or physical process taking place at constant temperature and pressure. The core rules governing $\Delta G_{\text{system}}$ are: 1. $\Delta G_{\text{system}} < 0$ (Negative Value): � The process is spontaneous in the forward direction. It can occur naturally without needing external work to drive it. 2. $\Delta G_{\text{system}} > 0$ (Positive Value): � The process is non-spontaneous in the forward direction. It requires a continuous input of energy to proceed. (The reverse process, however, would be spontaneous). 3. $\Delta G_{\text{system}} = 0$ (Zero): � The system has attained dynamic chemical equilibrium. The rates of the forward and backward reactions are perfectly balanced, and there is no net driving force pushing the system in a particular direction.