QJEEM24Ch17b3: JEE Main 2024 Chemistry - Class 12 JEEM24Ch17b3 Solution: Give below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A…

To evaluate the statements provided, let's first understand the concepts involved:

Assertion A: The stability order of the +1 oxidation state of $$\mathrm{Ga}$$, In, and $$\mathrm{Tl}$$ is Ga < In < Tl.

Reason R: The inert pair effect stabilizes the lower oxidation state down the group.

The elements $$\mathrm{Ga}$$ (Gallium), $$\mathrm{In}$$ (Indium), and $$\mathrm{Tl}$$ (Thallium) belong to Group 13 of the periodic table. As we move down this group, the +3 oxidation state becomes less stable while the +1 oxidation state becomes more stable. This trend is attributed to the inert pair effect.

The inert pair effect refers to the reluctance of the s-electrons to participate in bonding as we move down the group in the periodic table. For Group 13 elements, this effect causes the lower +1 oxidation state to be more stable compared to the +3 oxidation state down the group.

Given this, the Reason R correctly explains why the +1 oxidation state is more stable for $$\mathrm{Tl}$$ compared to $$\mathrm{Ga}$$ and $$\mathrm{In}$$. Therefore, the stability order of the +1 oxidation state should indeed be Ga < In < Tl.

Conclusion: Both Assertion A and Reason R are true, and Reason R is the correct explanation for Assertion A.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

Option D: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.