QJEEM18Ch6455: JEE Main 2018 Chemistry - Class 12 JEEM18Ch6455 Solution: The increasing order of nitration of the following compounds is :

Nitration is an electrophilic substitution reaction. So, the group which increase the electron density on benzene ring will increase the electrophilic substitution reaction.

Here $-$ OCH₃ group shows + R effect, but $-$ CH₃ group shows + I effect. As + R effect is more effective than + I effect so $-$ OCH₃ will increase more electron density on benzene ring.

$-$ Cl has strong electron withdrawing effect ( $-$ I). So it decrease electron density on the benzene ring.

In acidic medium, aniline form anilinium ion.


This anilinium ion is least reactive as in benzene ring electron density is least.

$\therefore$    The increasing order is (a) < (b) < (d) < (c)