Verified Solution • 2025–26 Session moderate

QJEEM09Ma0573: JEE Main 2009 Mathematics - Class 12 JEEM09Ma0573 Solution: Given such that is the only real root of If then in the interval

Given P(x)=x4+ax3+bx2+cx+dP\left( x \right) = {x^4} + a{x^3} + b{x^2} + cx + d such that x=0x=0 is the only
real root of P′ (x)=0.P'\,\left( x \right) = 0. If P\left( { - 1} \right) < P\left( 1 \right), then in the interval [−1,1]:\left[ { - 1,1} \right]:

Multiple Choice Options

  • A P(−1)P(-1) is not minimum but P(1)P(1) is the maximum of PP
  • B P(−1)P(-1) is the minimum but P(1)P(1) is not the maximum of PP
  • C Neither P(−1)P(-1) is the minimum nor P(1)P(1) is the maximum of PP
  • D P(−1)P(-1) is the minimum and P(1)P(1) is the maximum of PP

Step-by-Step Verified Solution

We have P(x)=x4+ax3+bx2+cx+dP\left( x \right) = {x^4} + a{x^3} + b{x^2} + cx + d

⇒P′(x)=4 x3+3ax2+2bx+c\Rightarrow P'\left( x \right) = 4\,{x^3} + 3a{x^2} + 2bx + c

But P′(0)=0⇒c=0P'\left( 0 \right) = 0 \Rightarrow c = 0

∴\therefore P(x)=x4+ax3+bx2+dP\left( x \right) = {x^4} + a{x^3} + b{x^2} + d

As given that P\left( { - 1} \right) < P\left( a \right)

\Rightarrow 1 - a + b + d\,\, < \,\,1 + a + b + d \Rightarrow a > 0

Now P′(x)=4x3+3ax2+2bx=x(4x2+3ax+2b)P'\left( x \right) = 4{x^3} + 3a{x^2} + 2bx = x\left( {4{x^2} + 3ax + 2b} \right)

As P′(x)=0,P'\left( x \right) = 0, there is only one solution x=0,x = 0,

therefore 4x2+3ax+2b=04{x^2} + 3ax + 2b = 0 should not have any real roots i.e. D < 0

\Rightarrow 9{a^2} - 32b < 0

\Rightarrow b > {{9{a^2}} \over {32}} > 0

Hence a,b > 0 \Rightarrow P'\left( x \right) = 4{x^3} + 3a{x^2} + 2bx > 0

\forall x > 0

∴\therefore P(x)P(x) is an increasing function on (0,1)\left( {0,1} \right)

∴\therefore P\left( 0 \right) < P\left( a \right)

Similarly we can prove P(x)P\left( x \right) is decreasing on (−1,0)\left( { - 1,0} \right)

∴\therefore P\left( { - 1} \right) > P\left( 0 \right)

So we can conclude that

Max P(x)=P(1)P\left( x \right) = P\left( 1 \right) and Min P(x)=P(0)P\left( x \right) = P\left( 0 \right)

⇒P(−1)\Rightarrow P\left( { - 1} \right) is not minimum but P(1)P\left( 1 \right) is the maximum of P.P.

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